THE IMPACT OF DRIED FRUIT CONSUMPTION IN THE PREVENTION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

This study is an integrative literature review that aims to analyze the relationship between dried fruit consumption and the prevention and glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The methodology involved searching databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Dried fruits (dates, raisins, figs, and apricots) are rich in fiber, polyphenols (flavonoids, resveratrol), carotenoids, vitamins (A, B complex), and minerals (potassium, magnesium). These bioactive compounds work by improving insulin sensitivity, reducing insulin resistance, and modulating the intestinal microbiota, contributing to glycemic balance. Studies in large population cohorts indicate a reduction in the risk of T2DM of up to 60.8% with higher dried fruit intake. The mechanism involves both the fiber content and the action of polyphenols in inhibiting carbohydrate-digestive enzymes and in mitigating oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. It is concluded that the moderate, planned, and non-isolated inclusion (around 30g/day) is an effective functional nutrition strategy for the prevention and management of T2DM