Distribution of biometric metabolic risk variables and frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in patients selected from cardiology practices: a real-world sample William da Costa, José Eduardo Gregório Rodrigues, Ana Karla Gaburri, Henrique Fortunato Dominguez Pita, Neyma Andria Ramos, Vanessa Maria Caetano Soares, Hermes Toros Xavier

Abstract

Early detection and treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are crucial for patient survival and long-term health. The prevalence of CVD continues to increase worldwide as the world population ages linked to traditional Risk Factors (RF). An observational, cross-sectional study with adult patients of both sexes was carried out by 18 doctors in their private cardiology offices distributed in the city of São Paulo, who over a period of 4 months recruited an average of 8 patients per week . These patients followed the study protocol by providing: demographic data – sex, age, marital status, skin color and level of education; lifestyle data – smoking, alcohol consumption and sedentary lifestyle; data on personal pathological history – dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and previous history of incident MI and stroke; in addition to physical and anthropometric examination data, including blood pressure (BP) measurements. 2,475 adult patients participated and a sedentary lifestyle was detected in 72% of cases. It was found that physical inactivity increases the risk of CVD by 1.5 times as an isolated factor. Other FRs were also analyzed. We conclude that strict control of RF and metabolic profile is the cornerstone of good clinical practice in cardiology.